NAME
rtw
- Realtek RTL8180L IEEE 802.11b wireless network driver
SYNOPSIS
rtw* at cardbus? function ?
rtw* at pci? dev ? function ?
DESCRIPTION
The
rtw
driver supports PCI/CardBus 802.11b wireless adapters based on the
Realtek RTL8180L.
A variety of radio tranceivers can be found in these devices, including
the Philips SA2400A, Maxim MAX2820, and GCT GRF5101, though not all of them
are currently supported.
These are the modes the
rtw
driver can operate in:
- BSS mode
-
Also known as
infrastructure
mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through
which all traffic passes.
This mode is the default.
- IBSS mode
-
Also known as
IEEE ad-hoc
mode or
peer-to-peer
mode.
This is the standardized method of operating without an access point.
Stations associate with a service set.
However, actual connections between stations are peer-to-peer.
- Host AP
-
In this mode the driver acts as an access point (base station)
for other cards.
- monitor mode
-
In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without
associating with an access point.
This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to
capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to,
or to scan for access points.
rtw
supports software WEP.
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is the de facto encryption standard
for wireless networks.
It can be typically configured in one of three modes:
no encryption; 40-bit encryption; or 104-bit encryption.
Unfortunately, due to serious weaknesses in WEP protocol
it is strongly recommended that it not be used as the
sole mechanism to secure wireless communication.
WEP is not enabled by default.
CONFIGURATION
The
rtw
driver can be configured at runtime with
ifconfig(8)
or on boot with
ifconfig.if(5)
using the following parameters:
- bssid bssid
-
Set the desired BSSID.
- -bssid
-
Unset the desired BSSID.
The interface will automatically select a BSSID in this mode, which is
the default.
- chan n
-
Set the channel (radio frequency) to be used by the driver based on
the given channel ID
n.
- -chan
-
Unset the desired channel to be used by the driver.
The driver will automatically select a channel in this mode, which is
the default.
- media media
-
The
rtw
driver supports the following
media
types:
- autoselect
-
Enable autoselection of the media type and options.
- DS1
-
Set 802.11b DS 1Mbps operation.
- DS2
-
Set 802.11b DS 2Mbps operation.
- DS5
-
Set 802.11b DS 5.5Mbps operation.
- DS11
-
Set 802.11b DS 11Mbps operation.
- mediaopt opts
-
The
rtw
driver supports the following media options:
- hostap
-
Select Host AP operation.
- ibss
-
Select IBSS operation.
- monitor
-
Select monitor mode.
- -mediaopt opts
-
Disable the specified media options on the driver and return it to the
default mode of operation (BSS).
- ssid id
-
Set the network ID.
The
id
can either be any text string up to 32 characters in length,
or a series of hexadecimal digits up to 64 digits.
An empty
id
string allows the interface to connect to any available access points.
By default the
rtw
driver uses an empty string.
Note that network ID is synonymous with Extended Service Set ID (ESSID).
- nwkey key
-
Enable WEP encryption using the specified
key.
The
key
can either be a string, a series of hexadecimal digits (preceded by
`0x'),
or a set of keys of the form
``n:k1,k2,k3,k4'',
where
`n'
specifies which of the keys will be used for transmitted packets,
and the four keys,
``k1''
through
``k4'',
are configured as WEP keys.
If a set of keys is specified, a comma
(`,')
within the key must be escaped with a backslash.
Note that if multiple keys are used, their order must be the same within
the network.
rtw
is capable of using both 40-bit (5 characters or 10 hexadecimal digits)
or 104-bit (13 characters or 26 hexadecimal digits) keys.
- -nwkey
-
Disable WEP encryption.
This is the default mode of operation.
- nwkey persist
-
Enable WEP encryption with the persistent key stored in the network card.
HARDWARE
The following adapters should work:
Card Bus
|
Belkin F5D6020 V3 CardBus
|
Buffalo WLI-CB-B11 CardBus
|
Corega CG-WLCB11V3 CardBus
|
D-Link DWL-610 CardBus
|
Level-One WPC-0101 CardBus
|
Linksys WPC11 v4 CardBus
|
Netgear MA521 CardBus
|
Ovislink AirLive WL-1120PCM CardBus
|
Planet WL-3553 CardBus
|
TrendNET TEW-266PC CardBus
|
VCTnet PC-11B1 CardBus
| | | | | | | | | | | |
EXAMPLES
The following
ifconfig.if(5)
example creates a host-based access point on boot:
-
inet 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 NONE media autoselect \
mediaopt hostap ssid my_net chan 11
Configure rtw0 for WEP, using hex key
``0x1deadbeef1'':
-
# ifconfig rtw0 nwkey 0x1deadbeef1
Return rtw0 to its default settings:
-
# ifconfig rtw0 -bssid -chan media autoselect \
ssid "" -nwkey
Join an existing BSS network,
``my_net'':
-
# ifconfig rtw0 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net
SEE ALSO
arp(4),
cardbus(4),
ifmedia(4),
intro(4),
netintro(4),
pci(4),
ifconfig.if(5),
ifconfig(8)
HISTORY
The
rtw
device driver first appeared in
NetBSD3.0
and then in
OpenBSD3.7.
AUTHORS
The
rtw
driver was written by
David Young
<dyoung@NetBSD.org>
and ported to
OpenBSD
by
Jonathan Gray <jsg@openbsd.org>,
who wrote this man page.
BUGS
Only the Philips SA2400A and Maxim MAX2820 RF transceivers are known to work.
Devices incorporating a GCT RF transceiver are not supported due to a lack of
documentation from GCT.
While PCI devices will attach most of them are not able to transmit.